The statistical concept of equivalence has gained considerable importance over the last two decades, with applications in medical and biopharmaceutical research. This book gives a systematic account of equivalence assessment through formal statistical testing procedures. Each procedure is illustrated with an example, with most taken from actual medical research, and the author provides extensive computational tools. This is the first book to coherently present the subject as both a reference for solutions to specific problems and as a collection of theoretical tools from which readers can derive methods for problems not discussed in the text.