Molecular biophysics is a rapidly growing field of research playing an important role in elucidating the mysteries of life's molecules and their assemblies as well as the relationship between the structure and function of these complex molecular systems. This book is intended to fill an existing gap in the modern literature on the subject and to provide the reader with modern theoretical tools needed to understand life process from a physical viewpoint.In addition to the physical background, the book reviews in depth several topics of relevance to molecular biophysics which range from peptide chains to DNA structure and function, to the cytoplasm, the membrane, the motor proteins and the action potentials propagating in the nerve cells, to name but a few. Each chapter is richly illustrated and provides discussion regarding the possible microscopic repercussions of a given structure's function (and malfunction) on the overall functioning of the organism.